Vokabeln zum menschlichen Körper für die Abiturvorbereitung in Englisch

Question 1

Translate **"Wirbelsäule"** into English:

Accepted Answer

Backbone

Answer

Shinbone

Answer

Scapula

Answer

Femur

Question 2

What is the English translation for the German word "Wirbelsäule"?

Accepted Answer

spine

Answer

skull

Answer

rib cage

Question 3

Translate the following into English: "Der Oberarmknochen"

Accepted Answer

Humerus

Answer

Sternum

Answer

Ulna

Question 4

Translate "der Brustkorb" into English:

Accepted Answer

The ribcage

Answer

The backbone

Answer

The skull

Answer

The pelvis

Question 5

Which English word means "Speiseröhre" in German?

Accepted Answer

esophagus

Answer

trachea

Answer

larynx

Answer

bronchus

Question 6

Which English word means "der Brustkorb"?

Accepted Answer

thorax

Answer

abdomen

Answer

head

Answer

leg

Question 7

Translate the German term "Speiseröhre" into English:

Accepted Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Spine

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Stomach

Question 8

Which English term corresponds to the German word "der Unterarm"?

Accepted Answer

Forearm

Answer

Forehead

Answer

Calf

Answer

Ankle

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a bone in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Tibia

Answer

Clavicle

Answer

Patella

Question 10

What is the English translation of the German word "Gehirn"?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Liver

Question 11

Which of the following is the English term for the small bone in the human ear that transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear?

Accepted Answer

Stapes

Answer

Tibia

Answer

Femur

Answer

Humerus

Question 12

What is the English translation for "Schädel"?

Accepted Answer

skull

Answer

brain

Answer

bone

Answer

spine

Question 13

Which organ is NOT part of the human respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Nasal passages

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Trachea

Question 14

Translate the German word "Oberschenkel" into English.

Accepted Answer

thigh

Answer

knee

Answer

leg

Answer

shin

Question 15

Translate the German term "Schulterblatt" into English:

Accepted Answer

Shoulder blade

Answer

Collarbone

Answer

Shinbone

Answer

Rib cage

Question 16

Which English word means "Muskel" in German?

Accepted Answer

Muscle

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Ligament

Answer

Bone

Question 17

What is the English translation of "Schulterblatt"?

Accepted Answer

Shoulder blade

Answer

Collarbone

Answer

Rib

Answer

Hip bone

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Answer

Transport of oxygen and nutrients to cells

Answer

Removal of waste products from cells

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 19

Translate the German word "Speiseröhre" into English:

Accepted Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Intestine

Question 20

Wie heißt "spinal cord" auf Deutsch?

Accepted Answer

Rückenmark

Answer

Gehirn

Answer

Magen

Answer

Herz

Question 21

What is the English term for "Bandscheibe"?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral disk

Answer

Diskette

Answer

Backbone

Answer

Vertebra

Question 22

What is the English word for the column of bones that runs down the back?

Accepted Answer

backbone

Answer

spinal cord

Answer

rib cage

Answer

skull

Question 23

Which body system breaks down food into nutrients that provide energy?

Accepted Answer

Digestive system

Answer

Circulatory system

Answer

Endocrine system

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a part of the human skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Femur

Answer

Sternum

Question 25

What is the English term for "Augapfel"?

Accepted Answer

Eyeball

Answer

Eye socket

Answer

Iris

Answer

Pupil

Question 26

Which organ is NOT part of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Liver

Question 27

Translate the following sentence into English: "Die Luftröhre transportiert Sauerstoff zur Lunge."

Accepted Answer

The trachea transports oxygen to the lungs.

Answer

The trachea is a tube that carries blood to the lungs.

Answer

The trachea filters the air before it enters the lungs.

Answer

The trachea connects the mouth to the lungs.

Question 28

Which bone in the lower leg is most frequently fractured?

Accepted Answer

Tibia

Answer

Femur

Answer

Fibula

Answer

Humerus

Question 29

What is the English translation for "Kleinhirn"?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Thalamus

Question 30

What is the English term for "Sehne"?

Accepted Answer

Tendon

Answer

Muscle fiber

Answer

Ligament

Answer

Cartilage

Question 31

Which of these factors does NOT affect blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol levels

Answer

Age

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Weight

Question 32

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Filters harmful substances from the blood, aiding the immune system.

Answer

Regulates body temperature.

Answer

Produces blood cells.

Answer

Transports nutrients to cells.

Question 33

What is the English word for "Schulter"?

Accepted Answer

Shoulder

Answer

Arm

Answer

Leg

Answer

Back

Question 34

What is the English term for the protective bone that covers the front of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Knee cap

Answer

Shinbone

Answer

Thighbone

Question 35

What is the primary function of the digestive system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To break down food, extract nutrients, and provide energy

Answer

To aid in body movement and coordination

Answer

To eliminate waste products

Question 36

What is the main purpose of hormones in the body?

Accepted Answer

To act as chemical messengers that regulate various bodily functions

Answer

To control the release of enzymes that break down food

Answer

To be produced by the nervous system

Answer

To have no effect on the growth and development of an organism

Question 37

Which of the following is a key functional difference between skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle is voluntary, while cardiac muscle is involuntary.

Answer

Skeletal muscle is striated, while cardiac muscle is unstriated.

Answer

Skeletal muscle is uninucleated, while cardiac muscle is multinucleated.

Answer

Skeletal muscle is found exclusively in the limbs, while cardiac muscle is found solely in the heart.

Question 38

Which statement best describes the skin's structure and functions?

Accepted Answer

The skin is a multi-layered organ that protects, regulates body temperature, and enables sensory perception.

Answer

The skin is a single-layered barrier that prevents germs from entering the body.

Answer

The skin mainly regulates body temperature through sweating and shivering.

Answer

The skin's main function is to enable sensory perception through nerve endings.

Question 39

What is the main purpose of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

To transport nutrients, oxygen, and waste

Answer

To regulate body temperature and pH levels

Answer

To protect the body from germs and foreign substances

Question 40

Describe the main functions of the kidneys and explain their role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body.

Accepted Answer

The kidneys remove waste products like urea and creatinine, filter blood, and help maintain electrolyte balance.

Answer

The kidneys produce hormones like insulin and red blood cells, and store glucose for energy.

Answer

The kidneys regulate blood pH but do not filter blood or maintain electrolyte balance.

Question 41

Which hormones regulate the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis?

Accepted Answer

FSH and LH stimulate oogenesis.

Accepted Answer

FSH and LH stimulate spermatogenesis.

Answer

Estrogen and progesterone stimulate spermatogenesis.

Answer

Testosterone stimulates oogenesis.

Question 42

How does a balanced and nutritious diet contribute to a person's overall health?

Accepted Answer

It supports both physical and mental well-being, reducing the risk of chronic diseases and promoting emotional balance.

Answer

It mainly improves a person's physical appearance, with little impact on their overall health.

Answer

It only prevents weight gain and promotes a slim body shape.

Question 43

Which specialized cells are crucial for efficient communication within the body's nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Neurons

Answer

Axons

Answer

Synapses

Answer

Glia cells

Question 44

How does nutrition impact our overall health and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Nutrition significantly impacts overall health and well-being, including physical, mental, and emotional aspects.

Answer

Nutrition mainly affects physical health but has little impact on mental or emotional well-being.

Answer

Nutrition primarily influences mental health and has a negligible effect on physical or emotional well-being.

Answer

Nutrition affects physical health and mental well-being but does not influence emotional well-being.

Question 45

What is homeostasis, and how does it contribute to maintaining a stable internal environment in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes, using both negative and positive feedback mechanisms.

Answer

Homeostasis involves only negative feedback mechanisms that detect changes and trigger responses to restore balance.

Answer

Homeostasis is not essential for the body's overall well-being.

Answer

Positive feedback mechanisms are always beneficial to the body, as they amplify responses.

Question 46

How does the endocrine system coordinate growth, development, and metabolism, and what are the potential consequences of hormonal imbalances?

Accepted Answer

The endocrine system plays a crucial role in coordinating growth, development, and metabolism by secreting hormones that act on target cells throughout the body.

Answer

The endocrine system releases hormones that act independently, with no interconnectedness.

Answer

Hormonal imbalances only occur in extreme cases of overproduction or underproduction of a single hormone.

Answer

Hormonal imbalances have no significant impact on overall health and well-being.

Question 47

What is biomechanics and how is it applied in fields like sports medicine and rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

Biomechanics studies the mechanical properties of living beings and their applications in medicine and engineering.

Answer

Biomechanics only analyzes human movement and has no practical uses in other areas.

Answer

Biomechanics principles are mainly used to understand human anatomy and physiology.

Question 48

How do increased heart rate, respiration, and muscle glycogenolysis help the body perform physical activity?

Accepted Answer

They increase oxygen delivery and energy production, allowing for sustained activity.

Answer

They primarily regulate body temperature, preventing overheating.

Answer

They reduce blood flow to the muscles, conserving energy for other functions.

Question 49

Phagocytes are crucial components of the body's defense system. Their main role is to:

Accepted Answer

Consume and eliminate harmful microorganisms

Answer

Produce antibodies to fight pathogens

Answer

Trigger the production of more white blood cells

Answer

Release histamine to cause allergic reactions

Question 50

What is the main role of ATP in cellular energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores and releases energy to power cellular processes.

Answer

ATP moves electrons to create a proton gradient.

Answer

ATP is used to build molecules like proteins and DNA.

Question 51

What feature of enzymes demonstrates their high specificity and the importance of their active sites?

Accepted Answer

The active site of an enzyme is where it binds to and modifies its specific substrate.

Answer

Enzymes have a wide range of catalytic activities and can act on multiple substrates.

Answer

Enzymes are unaffected by changes in temperature and pH.

Question 52

Which of the following best describes the concept of evolution through natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time.

Answer

The idea that only the strongest individuals of a species survive and reproduce.

Answer

A sudden and random change in the genetic makeup of a species.

Answer

The process by which entirely new species are created.

Question 53

Which of the following is the correct English translation for 'der Arm'?

Accepted Answer

Arm

Answer

Leg

Answer

Foot

Answer

Hand

Question 54

What is the English equivalent of 'das Herz'?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Answer

Lung

Answer

Kidney

Answer

Brain

Question 55

Which of the following accurately describes the function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

It consists of bones and joints that provide support and protection.

Answer

It is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body.

Answer

It protects the brain and spinal cord from damage.

Answer

It aids in the digestion of food.

Question 56

What is the primary function of 'die Lunge'?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during breathing

Answer

Pumping blood throughout the body

Answer

Filtering toxins from the blood

Answer

Providing protection against infections

Question 57

What is the English translation for 'die Wirbelsäule'?

Accepted Answer

Spine

Answer

Rib cage

Answer

Pelvis

Answer

Skull

Question 58

Which body system is responsible for transmitting signals and coordinating actions throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Nervous system

Answer

Endocrine system

Answer

Circulatory system

Answer

Skeletal system

Question 59

What is the primary function of 'der Magen'?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down food into smaller components

Answer

Absorbing nutrients from digested food

Answer

Storing bile produced by the liver

Answer

Producing insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels

Question 60

What is the English term for "der Blinddarm"?

Accepted Answer

Appendix

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Liver

Answer

Large intestine

Question 61

Which bone is located in the upper arm?

Accepted Answer

Humerus

Answer

Radius

Answer

Tibia

Answer

Femur

Question 62

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body

Answer

Controlling movement

Answer

Protecting the body from infection

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 63

What is the largest artery in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Carotid artery

Answer

Femoral artery

Question 64

Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Transmit signals between different parts of the body

Answer

Digest food

Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Filter waste products

Adjektive

Kopf

Körper

Körperteile

Nomen

Nomen/Satzteile

Verben/Verb-Kombinationen